Debian cups-pdf
The Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS) has long been the standard of printing and print drivers for Linux. Having a PDF printer can be extremely useful - so here's how to set one up in Debian.
First, you have to install the CUPS PDF print driver
$ aptitude install cups-pdf |
Next, we need to actually configure the printer itself for use. In CUPS this can be easily done via a URL and a browser of your choice (even a text based browser). Simply head over to http://localhost:631/ and in the following screen select the "Administration" option
CUPS default screen
Then select to "Add Printer"
CUPS printer administration
How you configure the printer name and details is up to you and your setup, but it is easiest to simply use "PDF" as the printer name
CUPS add printer
Next select the "Virtual PDF Printer" as the device
CUPS select device
For the make and manufacturer of printer select Generic
CUPS make and manufacturer
Finally, for the model select the "Generic CUPS-PDF Printer(en)" option
CUPS model
At this point you will now have a PDF printer. Some customisation is possible in the file /etc/cups/cups-pdf.conf - for example, the default location for creating PDF files is in a PDF directory in the user's home directory as identified by this entry:
Out ${HOME}/PDF
Clearly you can adjust this to suit your needs. To demonstrate the post processing options available, uncomment the PostProcessing option and alter to read as follows
PostProcessing /usr/local/bin/cups-pdf-renamer
Edit the file /usr/local/bin/cups-pdf-renamer to look as follows:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | #!/bin/bash FILENAME=`basename $1` DIRNAME=`dirname $1` DATE=`date +”%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S”` mv $1 $DIRNAME”/”$DATE”.pdf” |
Make sure the file is executable
$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cups-pdf-renamer |
Essentially this will rename the file to a date and time stamp. Clearly you can alter this to suit your needs. This example was taken from here
Anonymous Windows PDF generation via SAMBA
On Ubuntu I'm completely used to the idea of printing out a PDF document of what I want/need. It saves on paper and allows me to keep digital copies; it can also prove indispensable if I need to send a copy via email.
At work, on Microsoft Windows, I have struggled with trying to do this. The only products available for PDF generation appear to be commercial. Through some tinkering with a Ubuntu server in the office I setup a PDF printer for all to use anonymously. Here's how...
Configuring Samba and PDF
The important thing to remember is that PDF printer on the server produces PDF files locally, and therefore access to the produced PDFs must be via SAMBA too.
Samba is usually installed by default, but if not, run:
$ sudo apt-get install samba
Changes need to be made to the config file /etc/samba/smb.conf to allow printing. Uncomment/add the following entries:
printing = cups printcap name = cups
We now need a location that anybody can read or write to (which is where our PDFs will be placed for pickup). In this example I will use the /tmp directory. To do this we add the following entry to the samba config file:
[tmp] comment = Samba server's tmp directory locking = no path = /tmp guest ok = yes create mask = 0666 read only = no
Restart Samba
$ sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
You may already have the PDF printer installed (as cups is installed by default) however, if you don't, simply run:
$ sudo apt-get install cups-pdf
We now need to tell the cups-pdf printer where to otput its files. System users have their files printed to the folder ~/PDF. This has implications for samba users too. If you mount samba shares as a system user on the server then your PDFs will be printed to that user's ~/PDF directory. This may be what you want.
The file we need to alter is /etc/cups/cups-pdf.conf, specifically the following two entries:
Out ${HOME}/PDF
The above entry details where PDFs are created for system users. Altering this affects all system users AND samba users who use system user credentials to mount drives. Change this to suit your needs. Next is the AnonDirName entry, change it to:
AnonDirName /tmp
Now any anonymous user will have their PDFs placed in /tmp to pickup via samba. Restart CUPS - on Hardy (and earlier?) this appears to be:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart
but on Jaunty (and later?) it may be:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/cups restart
Configuring Windows
The example here has been completed on a Windows Vista machine, but should be similar for other versions. First you need to browse to the computer:
Windows printers
and double-click the "PDF" printer, which will start to install the printer. A printer driver error message will be displayed indicating that the printer driver could not be found:
Windows printer driver error message
This is not a problem. Simply click "Ok" to continue the install. You will now need to select a printer driver to use with the printer. The printer works with PostScript documents so I selected a HP PostScript printer driver to use with it, the 'HP LaserJet Series 1200 PS' - CafeNinja tested with the 'IBM 4079 Color Jetprinter PS' driver and achieved successful results
Windows add printer wizard
Once the driver has been installed the printer's queue will be displayed. Don't worry about the "Access denied, unable to connect" message - this has never stopped it working for me:
Windows printer queue
From the printer queue window select Printer > Properties to get to the properties window. Then select to "Print Test Page" - closing any "sent test page" window box that may appear
Windows printer properties
Now browse to the /tmp directory and collect the Windows (recognisable) printed PDF. Take note that the output PDF is in color too!
Windows test page PDF
Caveats
A couple of things to remember...
- The PDF gets its name from the file that was being printed - this could lead to accidental overwrites
- The files do not get auto-deleted so you may wish to setup a cron job to do this periodically
Concatinating PDF files
Sometimes there is a need to amalgamate many PDFs into a single PDF. Ghostscript is fully capable of achieving this and is usually available by default.
To concatenate any number of PDFs, cd to the appropriate directory containing the PDF files and issue the following command:
$ gs -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOUTPUTFILE=finished.pdf -dBATCH *.pdf |
Note that they are added to the finalised PDF in the order given - so "*.pdf" may not result in the order you would like, in which case you will need to manually specify each file in the desired order.
A quick breakdown to the options:
-dBATCH : Exit once Ghostscript processes the PDF files, otherwise Ghostscript will keep running
-dNOPAUSE : tells Ghostscript to process each page without pausing for user interaction
-sDEVICE=pdfwrite : tells Ghostscript to use its built-in PDF writer to process the files
-sOutputFile=finished.pdf : tells Ghostscript to save the output to the named file, in this case "finished.pdf"
Additional options you may want:
-sPAPERSIZE=letter : sets the paper size to American sized "letter"
-q : "quiet" mode, stops Ghostscript displaying messages while it works